• Technological Disruption: AI, autonomous ships, blockchain in shipping, smart ports. • Geopolitical Competition: Port acquisitions (e.g., China’s Belt and Road Initiative), choke point control (Strait of Hormuz, Malacca). • Security & Conflict: Cyber thr

• AIS Tracking: MarineTraffic, Spire Global. • Conflict Databases: IISS Military Balance, CSIS China Power. • AI & Defense Reports: RAND Corporation, Jane’s Defence Weekly. The international maritime security environment is witnessing more complexity with the development of political changes and transformations and the increase in modern international maritime geostrategic conflicts, which have been accompanied by the development and expansion of the theory of integrated and complementary maritime political systems in developing the leadership and management of modern maritime technology. Given the importance of Yemeni maritime geostrategy in Arab, regional and global influence and effectiveness in global trade and modern maritime political transformations and changes. In view of the changes in the marine environment in its natural and human dynamism, which witnesses daily changes and transformations, impacts, problems and strategic maritime opportunities on the region, and in view of the many natural and human geostrategic marine characteristics in the Red Sea and Indian Ocean region, which constitute the third largest global marine phenomenon in area and volume, in addition to the fact that it constitutes A quarter of the world's population lives in the region, its control over maritime trade lines in the East-West maritime line and the diversity in the development of maritime technology, and it gains elements of regional and global power. It affected national states and many alliances. This was accompanied by great development in innovations and scientific research, that study anticipated the percentage of Yemen, Arab and IORA spending, specifically in research and innovations in the private sector, reached about 603 billion dollars in 2021. Total spending on research and development carried out by the private sector reached 602 billion dollars in in 2021, in all sectors, it represents 75% of the total Yemen m Arab and IORA that included 59 states expenditures in research, which amount to 806 billion dollars, most of which, at 527 billion dollars, is self-funded, and the largest portion of spending, about 79%, focuses on development programs, and 7% and 14% were allocated to research. Basic and applied, through three main measures of innovation activities, represented by total spending on research and development, local employment in the field of research and development, research and development intensity. Yemen’s marine field in the Red Sea and Indian ocean has geostrategic importance of national power are one of the sources of fish richness affecting the Yemeni economy as well as it recognized as the at center of gravity of Arab and regional power. However, they were not utilized by the Yemeni policy nor could Implement the regional and Arab strategy in line with a management plan for marine resources, which aided in the formation of dangers and problems that threatened fishermen, environment, and Yemen national security. As a result